It’s not quite the “90 deals in 90 days” that Trump administration officials claimed were possible back in April, when U.S. President Donald Trump put a 90-day pause on the steep tariffs that he had announced on nearly all U.S. trading partners on April 2. The 90-day pause was intended to allow time for those trading partners to negotiate bilateral deals with Washington to avoid the worst of the tariffs.
That deadline has been extended both formally and informally, and the trade deals have been few and far between since that initial announcement.
But several countries have signed trade agreements with Trump with varying degrees of permanence and formality, often locking in lower tariff rates than the ones he previously threatened in exchange for lowering their own trade barriers to U.S. goods.
New Tariff Rates Based on Preliminary White House Deals
Many of these agreements have been made public by unilateral announcements, either from the White House or by Trump directly on his social media platform Truth Social (though in all cases the countries or governments in question have acknowledged the deal on their side).
These also don’t appear to be formal, binding agreements, unlike, say, the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), which was ratified by all three countries. The European Union described its deal as a “political agreement,” and multiple countries including the Philippines and the United Kingdom indicated in their statements that further negotiations on specific products and sectors will continue—leaving room for additional disagreements or disputes.
The vast majority of countries still face the sweeping tariffs that Trump sought to impose on April 2, and for the sake of clarity, we have used those tariff rates as a comparison—even though in some cases Trump has threatened higher tariffs in the interim. The other caveat is that these numbers aren’t always definitive or all-encompassing. The administration has said U.S. tariffs on steel, for example, will be negotiated separately, and the tariff rates below have some additional exemptions that we will explain further.
That said, here is everything we know about the trade agreements that have been secured so far.
Malaysia
Trump used an Oct. 26 visit to Malaysia—the first stop on his first visit to Asia since returning to the White House—to announce multiple trade deals with countries in the region on the sidelines of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) summit in the Malaysian capital of Kuala Lumpur.
The host nation’s deal, according to the White House, will lock in a 19 percent tariff on Malaysian exports to the United States, while Malaysia’s tariffs on a wide variety of U.S. goods will either be reduced or removed.
There was also a flurry of additional dealmaking between the two countries with agreements on critical mineral cooperation, Malaysian purchases of up to 60 aircraft from U.S. manufacturer Boeing, and a commitment by Malaysian energy giant Petronas to buy $3.4 billion worth of U.S. liquified natural gas.
Cambodia
The trade agreement with the United States was one of two deals that Cambodia signed during Trump’s visit, also inking a peace deal with its neighbor Thailand that Trump oversaw and giving the U.S. president a diplomatic victory he had long sought.
In the U.S. deal, Cambodia agreed to “eliminate all tariffs on U.S. goods,” the White House said in a statement, in exchange for Washington maintaining the previously imposed tariff rate of 19 percent on Cambodia’s exports to the United States.
Cambodia will also remove several “non-tariff barriers” to U.S. goods including automobiles and agricultural products, according to the U.S. Trade Representative.
Thailand
The U.S. trade deal with Thailand stopped short of a formal agreement, with the two countries instead setting out a “framework” for an agreement that will be subject to additional negotiation.
The framework deal laid out similar concessions to those agreed by other Southeast Asian countries, with Thailand agreeing to eliminate tariffs on almost all U.S. goods in exchange for a 19 percent tariff rate on Thai products entering the United States.
Thailand also committed to reducing additional barriers on U.S. vehicles, pharmaceuticals, ethanol, and agricultural products in the future.
South Korea
Trump announced on July 30 that South Korea had reached a trade deal with the United States that would impose a 15 percent tariff on Korean goods crossing U.S. borders—down from a previously threatened 25 percent.
In return, he said, South Korea will drop its tariffs on U.S. goods “including Cars and Trucks, Agriculture, etc.” The deal also has an investment component similar to the ones agreed with the EU and Japan, with South Korea committing to invest $350 billion in the U.S. economy.
Although Trump wrote that those investments will be “owned and controlled by the United States, and selected by myself, as President,” the Korean government said at least $150 billion will be earmarked for the shipbuilding industry. Describing that part of the agreement as “noteworthy,” Kim Yong-beom, the South Korean presidential chief of staff for policy, told reporters that the amount would cover all aspects of shipbuilding and “provide investments on specific projects based on demands of our companies.”
Trump also said South Korea will purchase an additional $100 billion worth of U.S. liquefied natural gas.
European Union
According to the deal announced on July 27, most goods from the EU entering the United States will now face a flat tariff of 15 percent. That’s only slightly lower than the 20 percent Trump imposed on April 2 but half of the 30 percent rate he included in a July 11 letter to von der Leyen and a fraction of the 50 percent tariffs he briefly threatened in late May.
Washington and Brussels will give each other a total break on certain goods, however, with zero tariffs on either side for products including aircraft components, semiconductor equipment, some agricultural products, and some generic drugs.
The EU will also purchase $750 billion in U.S. energy products (including oil and natural gas) over the next three years. The White House’s fact sheet on the deal also says the EU will “make new investments of $600 billion in the United States” by 2028; however, the EU’s fact sheet states it differently, saying instead that “EU companies have expressed interest in investing at least $600 billion (ca. €550 billion)” in various U.S. sectors by 2029.
Trump’s 50 percent across-the-board tariffs on steel that went into effect last month remain in place, though von der Leyen proposed a “quota system” instead of tariffs that the two sides will reportedly continue to discuss.
Japan
The U.S. deal with Japan, unveiled by the White House a few days before it announced the agreement with Europe, follows much the same contours as the EU one. Japanese goods entering the United States will face a 15 percent tariff, lower than the 24 percent rate imposed on April 2 and the 25 percent in Trump’s July 7 letter to then-Japanese Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba. The two countries further formalized several aspects of that agreement in a joint statement on Sept. 4.
Japan will also funnel more money into the U.S. economy as part of the deal, according to a White House fact sheet, investing $550 billion in sectors such as energy, pharmaceuticals, and shipbuilding. However, the fact sheet did not include a timeline for when that investment would occur. The investments will be spread out across certain key sectors including semiconductor manufacturing, critical minerals, and shipbuilding, the White House said, adding that the United States will keep 90 percent of the profits from those investments.
But those investments were reportedly still being negotiated as Trump visited Japan on Oct. 27, where he will meet with the new Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi. Takaichi has appointed Ryosei Akazawa—Japan’s lead negotiator on the U.S. trade deal—as economy minister.
The deal also includes several major concessions for U.S. agricultural goods entering Japan, with Japanese purchases of U.S. rice (a particular gripe of Trump’s) set to increase by 75 percent and $8 billion of planned investment in goods such as corn and soybeans.
Japan will also purchase 100 commercial aircraft from U.S. manufacturer Boeing and throw open its automobile market to U.S. carmakers, the White House said.
Philippines
This one came in the form of a July 22 Truth Social post at the end of Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos Jr.’s visit to Washington, with Trump announcing that the Philippines would pay a 19 percent tariff on all their exports to the United States and praising Marcos as a “very good, and tough, negotiator.”
The final tariff rate is actually a tad higher than the 17 percent Trump had imposed on April 2 but a touch lower than the 20 percent mentioned in his letter to Marcos on July 9. The Philippines said it would no longer impose any tariffs on U.S. automobiles entering the country and would increase its purchases of U.S. soy products, wheat, and pharmaceuticals.
Marcos sought to sell the deal to his people. “We managed to bring down the 20 percent tariff rate for the Philippines to 19,” he told the Philippine media delegation in Washington. “Now, 1 percent might seem like a very small concession. However when you put it in real terms, it is a significant achievement.”
Indonesia
Also on July 22, hours after Trump’s meeting with Marcos, the Trump administration announced that it had reached a similarly structured deal with Indonesia.
The deal also hits Indonesia with a 19 percent tariff rate, a significant drop from the 32 percent rate Trump had imposed on the Southeast Asian country. In return, Indonesia will remove trade barriers on nearly all U.S. goods and further open its market to U.S. agricultural exports and tech companies.
According to the White House fact sheet, Indonesia has also committed to removing several “non-tariff barriers” to U.S. goods, including that it will now honor U.S. automobile safety and emissions standards, accept U.S. Food and Drug Administration certifications of medical devices and pharmaceuticals, and exempt U.S. cosmetics from Indonesian certification and labeling requirements.
The Indonesian government touted the agreement as a big win, with a government spokesperson boasting that its tariff rate is among the lowest in Asia and touting the fact that it came days after Indonesia secured a trade agreement with the EU.
Vietnam
“I just made a Trade Deal with Vietnam. Details to follow!” Trump posted abruptly on Truth Social on July 2. The details, shared in a subsequent post, were that Vietnam would drop all trade barriers against U.S. goods, with Trump specifically calling out U.S. SUVs as a “wonderful addition to the various product lines within Vietnam.”
In exchange, he said, Vietnam would pay a 20 percent tariff on all its goods entering the United States, less than half the 46 percent rate he imposed on the country on April 2. However, Vietnam will also pay an increased tariff of 40 percent on any transshipments of products through Vietnam, referring to goods that stop at Vietnamese ports before continuing to their final destination in the United States.
The two countries furthered some aspects of that deal during Trump’s October visit to Kuala Lumpur, announcing another framework agreement that would maintain the 20 percent U.S. tariff but that made no mention of the higher transshipment tariff. Vietnam also agreed to purchase 50 aircraft from Boeing worth over $8 billion and committed to buying U.S. agricultural products worth nearly $3 billion, according to the White House.
United Kingdom
The first new trade agreement of the Trump era was with one of Washington’s oldest and closest allies. The United States and United Kingdom announced their deal on May 8, including an opening of the U.K. market for U.S. agricultural exports such as beef and ethanol.
The tariff rate for U.K. products entering the United States will remain at the 10 percent baseline for all countries that was set on April 2, with a slight tweak for U.K. carmakers, which only get that rate for the first 100,000 vehicles they export to the United States and a 25 percent tariff thereafter. The White House also said it would create a new trading union with the U.K. for steel and aluminum and negotiate a separate deal on the tariffs that Trump imposed on all imports of the metals—and subsequently doubled.
Negotiations on the finer points continue—the U.S. and U.K. governments both released updates on the deal in mid-June, formalizing the U.S. tariff reductions on U.K. automobile exports and U.K. commitments on U.S. agricultural products.
China
As during his first term in office, Trump’s biggest trade gripes—and highest tariffs—have been reserved for China. Trump’s tariffs on Chinese goods in his second term have gone as high as 145 percent and as low as 55 percent, with both sides escalating and de-escalating on multiple occasions since then as bilateral trade negotiations continue.
The latest broadside came in early October, when Trump announced an additional 100 percent tariff on Chinese goods in a Truth Social post, which he said would go into effect on Nov. 1.
An agreement may be imminent, however—U.S. and Chinese trade negotiators said on Oct. 26 that they had reached a preliminary deal, expected to be finalized during Trump’s planned Oct. 30 meeting with Chinese leader Xi Jinping.
U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent hinted in several television interviews that the deal would encompass products including soybeans, semiconductors, rare earth minerals, fentanyl, and the Chinese-owned social media platform TikTok.
Mexico
Trump placed the United States’ neighbor and largest trading partner in the same “in limbo” bucket as China, saying in a Truth Social post on July 31 that he would extend Mexico’s current 25 percent tariff level for an additional 90 days “with the goal of signing a Trade Deal somewhere within” that period. Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum said on Oct. 27, days before the 90-day deadline was due to expire, that Trump had agreed to extend it by several more weeks as the two countries continue to negotiate. The White House has not publicly acknowledged such an extension and did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
Mexico already faces additional tariffs on automobiles as well as broader U.S. tariffs on several metal imports into the United States that Trump said will remain in effect.
The Rest
On July 30, Trump vowed that no other extensions on tariffs would be granted to any countries beyond the Aug. 1 deadline.
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Other countries found out their new obligations late on July 31, when Trump signed an executive order imposing updated tariff rates on dozens of U.S. trading partners including Laos (40 percent), Switzerland (39 percent), South Africa (30 percent), Taiwan (20 percent), and Israel (15 percent). Countries not on that list will still face the blanket 10 percent tariff on all goods entering the United States that Trump imposed earlier this year, the executive order said.
In another executive order, Trump raised tariffs on goods from Canada not covered by USMCA to 35 percent, up from the 25 percent the president had previously imposed. He pledged to raise those tariffs by another 10 percent in a Truth Social post on Oct. 25, over what he claimed was a fraudulent advertisement put out by the government of Ontario featuring former U.S. President Ronald Reagan criticizing tariffs. It is unclear whether those additional tariffs have formally been imposed.
On Aug. 6, following unsuccessful negotiations with Russia over a deal to end the war in Ukraine, Trump imposed an additional 25 percent tariff on India for its purchases of Russian oil—taking India’s total anticipated tariff rate to 50 percent, effective Aug. 27.
It’s also unclear in many cases what will happen to the 50 percent tariffs on global steel and aluminum that Trump has imposed, as well as the additional 10 percent tariff on countries that join any potential BRICS (now comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, and several other members) effort to displace the U.S. dollar.
Trump has gone after Brazil particularly aggressively—in part for its legal case against former Brazilian President and Trump ally Jair Bolsonaro—and on July 30 confirmed via executive order that he would impose an additional 40 percent tariff on Brazilian exports to the United States, on top of the baseline 10 percent. However, after Trump and Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva met on the sidelines of ASEAN in Kuala Lumpur in late October, both leaders signaled that a trade deal would likely be agreed soon.
Trump also slapped a 50 percent global tariff on several types of copper products, including pipes, wires, and electrical components, citing national security concerns.
